Board and Directors.

The board and its directors are central to an issuer’s decision making and are pivotal in establishing good corporate governance, which enables the issuer to achieve long-term success. In discharging its responsibilities and implementing its plans, the board operates through specific board committees assisted by management (and other important internal functions of the issuer) and external professional advisers.

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Board Effectiveness.

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Diversity.

Diversity is an important driver of board effectiveness and quality decision-making. A high-performance board should have an appropriate balance of skills, experience and diversity of perspectives. Issuers are encouraged to adopt an inclusive mindset and consider different aspects of diversity - including but not limited to gender, age, cultural and educational background, and professional experience.

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Risk Management & Internal Controls.

Risk management and internal controls are important safeguards that enable an issuer to achieve its operational, reporting and compliance objectives.  There is, however, no “one-size-fits-all” approach in terms of putting in place and maintaining an effective system of risk management and internal controls - each issuer has to first identify its strategic objectives, consider relevant risks to achieving these objectives and then create a system that is appropriate for the issuer’s individual risk profile and circumstances. As an issuer’s business, and its risk profile, may change over time, it should monitor its risk management and internal control systems on an ongoing basis and conduct periodic reviews of the systems’ effectiveness.  

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